Saturday, August 18, 2012

Hi everybody,
Now I am at Siam Square and having lunch at A&W. Do you know A&W? It's a  fast-food restaurant where  have my favourite baverage: root beer and root beer floats. It's well-known brand for a long time. When I think about A&W, thinking of a big brown bear and a root beer mug in his hand.

AW-root-beer.jpg
     

A&W have had a long history before came to Thailand. If you ready to know about it, Let's go! 

A&W® History

1919

 











Roy W. Allen opened his first root beer stand in Lodi, California on June 20th. It was a hot night that coincided with a city-wide party celebrating the homecoming of local World War I heroes.

1920




Allen opened a second, nearly identical shop, in nearby Stockton, California.


1922

Allen partnered with former Lodi employee Frank Wright. They leased their first two root beer stands to other operators so they could expand into the larger city of Sacramento. This is around the same time the partners coined the new name A&W, "A” for Allen and "W” for Wright.

 1923
The first A&W® drive-in opened in Sacramento. A&W® is credited as being the nation’s first system of franchise roadside restaurants, and some say it was the first restaurant chain.


1933
There were more than 170 franchises nationwide, particularly in small towns in the West and Midwest. Many of these began selling food as an additional means of income in the Depression Era.


1941-45
No new stores opened during WWII, and it was a tough time for many restaurant owners due to the high cost of sugar and beef.

1950
Thanks to the postwar boom and prevalence of G.I. loans, there was a flurry of new development and there were nearly 450 operating A&W®s. Allen sold the entire operation to the A&W Root Beer Co., a California company.

1950
A&W® went international, opening the first stores in Winnipeg and Montreal, Canada. A&W® Canada was sold and currently operates independently of A&W® in the United States.
For information regarding A&W® Canada, visit their website http://www.aw.ca/


1963

A&W® expanded to the Philippines, Malaysia, and Okinawa, Japan.



1971


A&W® Root Beer becomes available in bottles and cans.


1974

Rooty the Great Root Bear™ was born.

1980s


A&W® continued expansion efforts in Southeast Asia. Over 350 A&W® stores are currently operating in these regions and are an integral part of the A&W® family. For more information about A&W® Malaysia, visit their website http://www.rootbeer.com.my/


1996

Co-branding between A&W® and KFC began.


1999

Co-branding with Long John Silver’s began.

 2011
 
 A&W® was purchased by a partnership of domestic and international franchisees. There are approximately 1200 restaurants, including 350 international stores in 15 countries and territories.

I think all of you will like A&W root beer like me ^_^

Thanks for information from:

Friday, August 17, 2012

the history of MK restaurant


hi guy!!! i would like to share about the history of MK restaurant. most of you might wondering that why i choose this restaurant? it is becuse i like the food and services of this restaurant. then i want to know who and when MK begin to do this business so i try to find the information and want to share on blog. (just some sentence of story)

History    of   MK restaurant    

The founding of MK Restaurants Co, Ltd dates back 42 years to the opening of a single Thai restaurant, named MK, in Siam Square Soi 3. Not long after the opening, the restaurant’s Hong Kong Chinese owner, Makong King Yee, the inspiration behind the name MK, moved to the United States and sold the restaurant to Mrs Tongkam Mekto in 1962. The success of the first restaurant led her family to open a second restaurant in 1984 at Central Plaza Ladprao, which was then a newly opened shopping centre. This second restaurant was named  
“Green MK” .MK expanded its business overseas in 1996, partnering with entrepreneurs in each new market.  Its first restaurant outside Thailand was in Japan. Today, MK Restaurant Co, Ltd is one of the largest Thai-owned chain restaurant businesses with more than 170 outlets nationwide plus more than 20 outlets in Japan.

Cockroach Facts


Fact: The German cockroach is the most common house infesting cockroach and the number one pest in the United States.

Fact: The cockroach can live without its head for an entire week.

Fact: The word cockroach comes from the Spanish word "cucaracha" which means "crazy bug".

Fact: There are about 4,000 different species of cockroaches in the world. About 50-60 species live in the United States.

Fact: The world's largest roach lives in South America and is 6 inches long with a one-foot wingspan.

Fact: Cockroaches will eat almost anything: left-over human food, paper, wood, leather, cigarette butts, tooth paste, coffee grinds, glue, soap, feces, fabric, shoes, paint, the glue on the back of wallpaper, human hair, fingernails, etc.

Fact: German cockroaches are very small. They can squeeze through a crack that is about 1/16th of an inch wide.


the new technology of air-condition

Up in the air

Rising concerns over global warming from soaring use of air-conditioners in developing countries like India and China have driven people in the cooling and ventilation industry to invent greener and more efficient technologies.To encourage development in this area, Emerson Climate Technologies, recently launched the Emerson Cup 2012 India and Southeast Asia, in Bangkok.
The move demonstrates the commitment of Emerson Climate Technologies, as part of the Emerson Group, the world's leading provider of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration solutions for residential, commercial, and industrial applications, in promoting new "green" ideas, design, and technologies for air conditioning and
In the New Building Category, EEC engineering network took the crown for the New Government Administration Centre project, where the non-conventional system had included a geothermal heat sink. While largely saving energy, this system can also generate a clean, fresh air supply through its air filter with 85% efficiency.
InterBrand Trader, with its work at Assumption University's Bang Na campus won first place in the New Building Using Emerson Technology category, while in the Commercial Refrigeration category, EK-chai Distribution won the Excellence Award for the Tesco Lotus Lam Lukka Fresh Distribution Centre, which used the most advanced technology and equipment in Asia to reduce carbon emissions by 32% per square metre.
http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/health/307851/up-in-the-air

Five Tips for Runners Hitting the Trail

Five Tips for Runners Hitting the Trail

1. The Buddy System
“Something special happens when you share a trail run with someone,” says the 33-year-old Moehl. “When you get to a vista, it means that much more when you can turn to a friend, and say ‘Wow, look at this.’” To Moehl, teaming up isn’t only fun; it’s safe. “When you’re navigating trail systems and you’re tired, having two brains to pull on is key,” she adds.
2. Maps Help
“Figure out your maps and route before you go. I even highlight my route, so I don’t have to think about it when I’m on a complicated trail system,” says Moehl.
3. Know Your Gear
“I’ve been over prepared and I’ve also had to ask other people for food and water,” says Moehl. Long-distance trails often mean carrying a small pack with water and enough food to feed your body throughout the run.
4. Pace Yourself
“If you run in the city, you aren’t used to having to eat during your runs,” says Moehl. “On trails, you work at a lower heart rate, in part so that you are able to eat.” Plus, you’ll be traveling through beautiful country—no need to hurry.
5. Tell Someone Where You Are
“A trail run doesn’t have to be epic to let someone know where you are. I always give friends a return time. Give yourself a window, in case it takes a little longer than you plan for.”

—By Fitz Cahall
Why Do We Sneeze?
Christine Dell'Amore
Published August 14, 2012
Sure, they blast out germs and other unwanted intruders, but sneezes have another, just discovered purpose, a new study says.
(Get more health news.)
When we breathe in foreign particles, sensors in our noses and sinuses detect the objects. The sensors signal the cilia—tiny, hairlike paddles that line our nostrils and sinuses—to move to expel the irritants.
This process is "always idling at first gear," with the cilia ready to spring into action when needed, said study co-author Noam Cohen, an otolaryngologist—ear, nose, and throat specialist—at the University of Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia VA Medical Center.
The study found that the burst of air produced by a sneeze not only clears nasal passages but also triggers the cilia sensors to kick the paddles into high gear for an extended period—about a couple minutes—Cohen said.
In that sense, a sneeze works by "resetting the system—like Control-Alt-Delete" on a PC, he said.
The study highlights what an "underestimated organ" the nose is, especially in terms of keeping us healthy, added Stella Lee, an otolaryngologist at the University of Pittsburgh School  of Medicine.
Thanks the information from national geographic

May Focus rest in peace.

Today, I've just heard a sad news that my boss's dog died yesterday. His name is Focus, a golden retriever who is 8 years and 11 months old, Compared to human, he is almost 52 years old. And my boss said that he died from an old age, the average age of golden retriever is 10 - 14 years old. I've never actually met Focus but I saw his picture in my boss's office; he is such a sweet and lovely dog. My boss talks about him all the time so I feel like I know him very well. And the saddest part is that my boss couldn't arrrive home in time to see her dog before he died even though she left the office early after her family called her about Focus's sickness. The traffic jam yesterday is quite terrible because of heavy rain. And today she couldn't come to the office because she still mourne Focus's death.

This brough back the sad memory about my dog's death. My first dog, Knompang, white terrier, died from diarrhea but I still had a chance to be with her at the time of her death. At that time, I was a third-year universiy student and I couldn't bring my self to class for three days because I miss her very much and I couldn't stop crying. However, I'm still consider myself lucky that I had a chance to raise Knompang baby, Fufu. I called her Fufu because she was so fluffy. But after Fufu died from kidney failure (I feed her with Peddigree and this is what I get in return), I swear to myself that I wouldn't raise any more dogs ever again because there is too much pain when they died.

Thursday, August 16, 2012

Managing House Dust Mites

Hi everybody!!

 I always have a problem with the dusty place whenever having to go there, I will always sneeze, itch and have an allergy. I know that it because of the dust mites and I want to mange it from my house. So, I searched and found a useful information that help me avoid the dust mite problem.:

Managing House Dust Mites

by Barb Ogg, PhD, Extension Educator

House dust mites are found in most homes. They are microscopic, eight-legged creatures closely associated with us, but they are not parasitic and do not bite. They don't burrow under the skin, like scabies mites or live in skin follicles, like skin follicle mites.
House Dust Mite
The concern about dust mites is people are allergic to them. Symptoms associated with dust mite allergies include sneezing, itchy, watery eyes, nasal stuffiness, runny nose, stuffy ears, respiratory problems, eczema and (in severe cases) asthma. Many people notice these symptoms when they stir dust during cleaning activities. But, dust also contains other allergens, including cat and dog dander, cigarette ash, cockroach droppings, mold spores and pollen.
How can you find out if you're allergic to dust mites? An allergist, a medical doctor specially trained to treat allergies, should be consulted for proper diagnosis.
The dust mite allergen is their tiny feces and body fragments which are components of dust. These particles are so small they can become airborne and inhaled when dust is disturbed.

Biology:


There are two species of house dust mites found in North America. These mites are so small they are virtually invisible without magnification. Female mites lay cream-colored eggs coated with a sticky substance so eggs will cling to the substrate. These mites have two distinct immature stages. Under optimal conditions, the entire life cycle from egg to adult takes three-four weeks.
House dust mites feed on human skin scales, pollen, fungi, bacteria and animal dander. Dust mites do not drink free water, but absorb water from the air and the environment.
To thrive, dust mites need very warm temperatures (75-80 degrees F) and high humidity levels -- 70-80 percent relative humidity. One study showed when humidity is 60 percent or lower, the mite population stops growing and dies out.
Humans continually shed skin and lose about 1/5 ounce of dead skin each week. We also spend about one-third of our lives sleeping so high levels of dust mites are often associated with the bedroom, especially bedding and the mattress. Dust mites also eat animal dander so allergens will be plentiful in areas where family pets sleep.

Dust Mite Management:


To eliminate dust mite allergens, first, take actions to reduce dust mite populations and second, reduce exposure to dust. No one method has been found for reducing mites and relieving allergy suffering.
LOWER HUMIDITY -- Reduce humidity levels to less than 50 percent inside your home, especially in the bedroom. This isn't hard to do in the winter, but can be a challenge in Nebraska during summer months, especially in homes without air conditioning. Studies have shown air-conditioned homes have ten times fewer dust mite allergens than non-air-conditioned homes. In addition to cooling the house, air conditioning reduces the humidity dust mites need to thrive. A study has shown using an electric blanket for eight hours each day reduced dust mites by 50 percent in one month.
AVOID FURRY OR FEATHERED PETS -- Pets with fur or feathers contribute to the dander in the dust and increase food source for mites. If you are a pet lover, locate their sleeping quarters as far from yours as possible and furnish their sleeping area so it can be cleaned easily. Hardwood or vinyl floors with washable area rugs are ideal.
REDUCING AIR INFILTRATION -- Airing out the house with open windows allows entry of pollen, which is another allergen as well as food for dust mites. In some climates, incoming air may be humid, which promotes dust mites.
CLEANING/HEAT TREATMENTS -- Wash all bedding weekly. Research has shown laundering with any detergent in warm water (77 degrees F) removes nearly all dust mite and cat allergen from bedding. If you cannot launder blankets, dry clean them once a year. Shampoo, steam clean or beat non-washable carpets once a year.
SELECT APPROPRIATE FURNISHINGS -- Avoid overstuffed furniture because it collects dust. Also avoid wool fabrics/rugs because wool sheds particles and is eaten by other insects. Use washable curtains and rugs instead of wall-to-wall carpeting. If you cannot replace carpeting, have it steam cleaned at least once a year, springtime is best. This will prevent a build up of dust mites feeding on skin cells in the carpet during the summertime. Enclose mattresses and pillows in plastic to decrease mite populations in the bed. Replace feather pillows with synthetic ones.

Dust Management:


Eliminating dust from the environment is important in reducing allergens in sensitive people.
VACUUMING -- The most important tool for managing house dust and dust mites is the vacuum cleaner. Regular, thorough vacuuming of carpets, furniture, textiles and other home furnishings such as draperies will help keep dust mite populations low. Vacuums with a water filter are preferable to those with a disposable paper bag because a water vacuum removes a greater range of particle sizes than paper-bag types. There are vacuums with highly efficient filters (HEPA) designed for use by people with allergies to dust. It is better to vacuum thoroughly once a week rather than lightly on a daily basis. Vacuum mattresses and padded furniture thoroughly; 20 minutes for each mattress is not too long.
DUSTING -- Dust furniture before you vacuum so the dust has time to settle on the floor, where it can be picked up by the vacuum. Do not scatter dust. Instead, dust with a damp cloth rather than dry dusting. Spraying furniture polish/dusting liquid directly on surface reduces airborne particles by 93 percent compared with dry dusting.
AIR PURIFERS -- A researcher at the University of Texas-Austin found a HEPA air filter was much more effective at removing dust than ion-generating air purifiers which make particles electrically charged to remove them from circulating air.
The problem with ion-generating air filters is they emit significant amounts of ozone. Ozone irritates the lungs and can cause chest pain, coughing, shortness of breath and throat irritation. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), ozone may worsen chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma and compromise the ability of the body to fight respiratory infections. The EPA also states manufacturers and vendors of ozone devices often use misleading terms to describe ozone. Terms such as "energized oxygen" or "pure air" suggest ozone is a healthy kind of oxygen. Ozone is a toxic gas with vastly different chemical and toxicological properties from oxygen. 

Chemicals:


No acaricides are registered for dust mite control, but benzyl benzoate or tannic acid may reduce levels of dust mites. Be careful if you decide to use these chemicals. According to the Mayo Clinic, these chemicals worsen allergies in some people. It is wise to use non-chemical dust mite control measures around people with serious allergies.
Cleaning and non-toxic approaches listed above should give adequate control, except in humid, tropical regions of the world.

Thanks for the information from:
http://lancaster.unl.edu/pest/resources/dustmites311.shtml

Wednesday, August 15, 2012

I hate cockroach

Good evening all,


 Today, I found a cockroach at my workplace. I really hate it, I don't have any reason that I fear it. But every time that  I found it. I have to run away from it. But I have some tricks that you can eliminate a cockroach away from your home. Just place some black pepper in the area that a cockroach pass, example: in the kitchen, under the food cupboard or in the rest room. This is an efficient way to keep your home away from cockroach

The benefit of Yogurt




Hi everybody
I think that the most of you love to eat yogurt like me. It's a good snack,eating in the free time. But i didn't know the real benefit of it so i searched and found that yogurt is not just a delicious snack with fruits on the bottom, it has great health benefits. It is an excellent source of protein, calcium, riboflavin and vitamin B 12. When yogurt is compared to milk, yogurt contains more calcium and protein because of the added cultures in the yogurt.
Yogurt must contain active and living cultures to be yogurt. Cultures are composed of unique living microorganisms which are responsible for many of the health and nutritional benefits of yogurt. Some of the health benefits of yogurt are:
- It improves natural defense, it contains a good amount of phosphorus and 88% water. People with a risk of osteoporosis should eat at least one serving of yogurt per day.
- It has also been claimed that yogurt may protect against some types of cancer but more investigations have to be carried out.
- There are three types of yogurt: regular(whole milk), low-fat and skim. Low-fat and skim yogurt are good for people who are on a cholesterol lowering diet or just simply watching their weights. These types of yogurt does not raise blood cholesterol levels.
- Some people have trouble digesting lactose, a carbohydrate in milk and milk products, because of the deficiency of enzyme lactase in the body. Live yogurt cultures produce lactase and break down the lactose. Yogurt is a healthy way to get the calcium the body needs, for the people who can not tolerate milk products.

Thak you the information from:
http://www.essortment.com/health-benefits-yogurt-48448.html

I like to go to Rama VIII Bridge Public Park

When i feel stress, bad or upset. I always go to Rama VIII Bridge Public Park to see the scenic view and get lost in day-dreams. the wind blows softly that makes me feel comfortable and relax. So, I want to introduce this nice place to you, inviting you to go there.

The park and main public hangout are on the west side of the bridge. Their is however a small area under the eastern flank, which harbors a dead end street and small area where you’ll usually find people fishing or just handing out playing “miniaturized” versions of football and other games. This area is sandwiched between a large factory like building and one of the king’s palace’s (off limits to the public).

Rama 8 Sunrise Perspective
A Perspective View of the Rama 8 Bridge -Sunrise

As for the photography aspect, this is a honey hole. I love this place. There are fantastic images to be taken here at all times of the day. As compared with other locations in Bangkok, the area is wide open, so you can see a good distance. When storms role in, you can watch them approach for quite a while, and enjoy the spectacular fronts that the strong ones provide. If you are keen on bridges and photography, this is a must visit location.

Something Wicked This Way Comes

Getting There – To my knowledge, normal passenger boats do not stop at the west side pier near this bridge or park area. They do however stop at 2 locations on the opposite shore just north and just south of the bridge. Neither of these offers direct access to the bridge however. See the following explanation:

North Side Pier (Thewet Express Boat Pier) – This pier is the furthest from Rama 8, requiring a substantial walk (about 1 huge city block) due east, back to a main street, and then as well, due south, back toward the bridge. Once at the bridge, you hang a right and you’ll find stairs near the rivers edge leading up to the bridges main deck. There, you can walk across to the west side.

The north side pier harbors some interesting attractions as well. There’s a fairly nice temple just north of the pier (access is a bit difficult) and opposite the pier on the south side is the “In Love” restaurant. The restaurant offers good food and a nice evening view of the bridge.

South Side Pier (Rama 8 Express Boat Pier) – This pier is the closest to Rama 8, but it also requires backtracking to the east, all the way back to Thanon Sam Sen, where you’ll hang a left, then another left under the bridge’s on ramp at Thanon Wisut Kasat. Then make your way to the rivers edge to cross over to the west bank as described in the excerpt from the north side pier description.

The southern pier offers little in the way of attractions except for a meager temple and the possibility of viewing a little Muay Thai training on the roadside where a makeshift tent and ring are setup.

Thank you for information:
http://www.epicthailand.com/index/?page_id=348







What is Bubble Tea?

Your guys all know I love drinking green tea, but today I'm gonna tell you about bubble tea, another kind of tea which is now gainning popularity in Thailand especially in Bangkok. You can see this kind of tea everywhere: shopping centers, department stores, tourist attractions, or even in the markets.

Bubble Tea originated in Taiwan in the early 1980's at a small tea stand.

Elementary school children would look forward to buying a cup of refreshing tea after a long, hard day of work and play. Tea stands were set up in front of the schools and would compete for business with the best selling tea. One concession owner became popular with her tea when she started adding different fruit flavoring to her tea. Because of the sweet and cool taste, children loved the taste. Soon, other concessions heard about the "unique" and popular tea, so they started to add flavoring to their teas. When adding flavor, the tea and flavoring needed to be shaken well for a good all around taste. This formed bubbles in the drink, which came to be known as "Bubble Tea."

In 1983 Liu Han-Chieh introduced Taiwan to tapioca pearls. The new fad was to add tapioca pearls into a favorite drink. Most of the time tapioca pearls were served in cold infused tea. After the tea and flavor were shaken well, it topped tapioca pearls that were sitting on the bottom of a clear cup. The tapioca pearls also looked like bubbles, thus also became to known as "Bubble Tea." Bubbles floated on the top your drink and bottom of your drink.
Bubble tea is also known as boba drink, pearl tea drink, boba ice tea, boba, boba nai cha, zhen zhou nai cha, pearl milk tea, pearl ice tea, black pearl tea, tapioca ball drink, BBT, PT, pearl shake, QQ (which means chewy in Chinese) and possible many others, depending on the countries it is sold .
Tapioca pearls are black, but can sometimes be found to be white or transparent. Depending on the ingredients of the pearl, the color varies. The white and translucent pearls are made of caramel, starch and chamomile root extract. The black pearl includes sweet potato, cassava root and brown sugar, which add the black color.

The consistency of tapioca pearls are somewhere between jell-o and chewing gum. They are the size of a marble.

A clear cup with black balls on the bottom can easily identify bubble tea drinks. Another obvious trait is a huge fat straw. The fat straw is needed so that the tapioca pearls can be sucked up with the drink and eaten. Bubble Tea's appearance definitely makes it unique.

Thank you for the information from www.bubbleteasupply.com and the picture from  http://made-in-asie.blogspot.com/2010/08/bubble-tea-boba-adresse-paris.html

Music’s Role to Dhamma Teaching  of a Woman: Betsy Rose


            A beautiful view, beautiful and colorful nature, aromatic flowers, beautiful sea, blue sky, peaceful surroundings, a full moon and melodious music, are the things in the world that people yearn for.  All of them, music is not only the thing that people yearn for but also equipment for teaching  Dhamma/Dharma.   I would like to recommend you to know a woman, her name is Betsy Rose.  She  is a California-based singer /songwriter whose songs often deal with social action or protest and the environment.  You can read the following  her biography and website from  http://www.allmusic.com/artist/betsy-rose-mn0000045362http://www.audiodharma. org/teacher/125/ and http://www.betsyrosemusic.org/.
            She is a high-minded woman and various abilities of music e.g. she is the singer and songwriter of folk and progressive music.  She has adapted her music to cultivate virtue to many people; children, youth, and adults by singing and playing music (guitarist).  Beside her playing music, she has songs recorded for applying for teaching of Dhamma/Dharma teachers such as Thich Nhat Hanh, Matthew Fox and Joanna Macy.ééé
            For my opinion, not only the purpose of music is an entertaining, but it also is equipment for teaching the Dhamma/Dharma as I mentioned before.  And I think that music will be the real musical value, it depend on three factors; the composers (including the arrangers), the singers, and the consumers (listener and player).  For the composer and the singer, I have an example about this: Betsy Rose, who has various abilities of music, has made benefits of music without profits from other.


                ééé You can read the biography of Thich Nhat Hanh from
Joanna Macy:


You can watch her mv-songs on youtube links :










   Thank you for attention... :)    

Monday, August 13, 2012

Natural Insect Repellent: Fragrant Lemongrass, Sadao and Boraped

Hi friends,
I was not away during the weekend, just stayed home and watched a TPBS TV programme.
I cannot recognise the name of the programme, but I knew that it was about jasmine farming in Ranong province.
Although I did not focus on how to grow the jasmine, I was interested in how to protect the jasmine plants from insects.
I have learnt from the programme that growing herbs—fragrant lemongrass—can chase off the insects, and the fragrant lemongrass should be grown near the area of jasmine plants.
Apart from the fragrant lemongrass, the leaves and the seeds of Sadao tree—or in Thai “ต้นสะเดา are good for deterring the insects. Sadao can be made in the form of liquid so that we can spray it toward the plants.
The jasmine farm owner did not give the details of how to make Sadao spray, but he just told that Sadao is  crushed in the main process. He said that we can crush some sticks of Boraped (or in Thai “บอระเพ็ด) and mix it with Sadao. I think these ingredients need some liquid agent, but I am not sure if it should be water.
 Additionally, the jasmine farm owner said that the price of 1 kilogram of jasmine is BT 400.00. Such a good price!
I also grow some fragrant lemongrass near the Forget Me Not. Now, no mealybugs—or in Thai “เพลี้ยแป้ง”— harm my Forget Me Not. I would say that this herb can get rid of the insects. Some people said that the fragrant lemongrass produces some unattractive smell to chase the insects away.
Let’s try using herbs like fragrant lemongrass, Sadao and Boraped as natural insect repellent. These herbs save the environment.
Have a lovely day!
Thanks to the information on TPBS by 11st Aug, 2012